August 25, 2025

Month: October 2021

Parts of Speech

What are Interjections in English Grammar?

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There are eight types of parts of speech. And Interjections are one of the parts of speech that express strong feelings or sentiments and sudden emotions. When we want to express joy, surprise, anger and disgust, that time we use them.

For example: hmmm, mmmm, huh, ah, aha, alas etc.

What are Interjections?

Interjections are not connected to sentences for grammar purposes, especially used at the starting of sentences. 

These are used with exclamation marks, commas, questions marks, etc.

There are various types of interjections:

Interjections that express joy

  • Hurray! We got that business deal.
  • Wow! He has been selected.
  • Hurrah! I won the game.  

 

Sorrow

  • Alas! He lost his money.
  • Oh! You didn’t find your brother.
  • Ah! His notebooks are wetted.

Surprise

  • What! He ran away.
  • Oh! You are fired.
  • Wow! You have become a soldier.
  • Whoa! It’s a typhoon.

Praise and approval

  • Bravo! You risked your life for them.
  • Well done! You danced well.

Doubt

  • Hmm, he is not good for this job.
  • Um, I don’t know whether it is right.
  • Sydney is the largest city of er.. Australia.

Yes/no

  • Yes! She will find the way soon.
  • Nah! he can’t compare with him.

Attention giving expressions

  • Hey! Are you going to the railway station?
  • Yoo-hoo! Who’s there?

Exercise of Interjection

Write correct interjection which should be used with the sentence

  1.   Alas/hurrah! He won the match.
  2.   Alas/hurrah! She lost the game.
  3.  Wow/alas! You have become a soldier.
  4.  Bravo/ well done! You saved him on your dare.
  5. Nah/yes! She can’t go alone there.
  6. Oh! She fell down.
  7. Great/alas! She has got selected in IIT.
  8. What/ hurrah! The thief ran away.
  9. Wow/Shit! He lost the ring.
  10. Oh!/wow! He got a promotion.
What are interjections in grammar?
https://examplanning.com/what-are-interjections-in-grammar/
What are Interjections in English Grammar? Read More
Tenses

Use of Since- Present Perfect Tense III

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Use of Since
‘Since’ is used as a conjunction, preposition and adverb of time.

See some examples- Use of Since:

  1. From particular past time to present time:

Past (subject + action II), present (subject + has/have + action III) therefore:

Present perfect  tense (subject + has/have + main verb + object) since past indefinite (subject + main verb II)

Since used as a conjunction(use of since):

  • I have been smart since I learnt computer.
  • He has not talked to me since he came from London.
  • He has got scared since he heard the corona virus.
  • Ten years have passed since I got a government job as an assistant professor in college.
  • Robin hasn’t gone home time this month since he ran a new electronic business.
  • Dushyant som hasn’t talked to Monty Pundir since he went to China.
  •  My kids haven’t studied since they came from granny’s home.
  • It’s been years since I did river rafting.
  • Kapil has been promoted since he joined the Pharmacy company.
  • From past time until another time is also in past:

Subject + had + main verb III + object since Subject + main verb II.

  • My friend told me to join his company in 2016. I hadn’t made any mistake since I joined this company in 2018.
  • It had been two years since I didn’t teach English.

Use of since as a preposition:  

I haven’t seen him since 2019.

She hasn’t talked to me since her marriage.

They haven’t played cricket since 12th class.

I haven’t met him since Sunday.

My father hasn’t gone to the office since Friday.

I haven’t gone to Panipat since 2014.

Since opening a new company, he has been busy with his business.

I have had my own business since 2019.

She has known me since July.

Use of Since as an adverb:

  • Since used as an adverb: it uses without a following noun.
  • He went to New York, he hasn’t helped me since.
  • She went for a picnic, she has not phoned me yet Since.
  • I started my job, I have got two increments in a year Since.
  • He lost his wallet on Friday and hasn’t been found since.

When since is used in the starting:

Since + past indefinite, present perfect

  • Since he went to a convent school in 2015, he hasn’t spoken in Hindi.
  • Since he joined the cricket academy, he hasn’t attended any class.

or since + action +ing + object, present perfect tense

  • Since joining cricket academy, he hasn’t attended any class

Use of Ever since

Ever + since is used to emphasize actions.

Ever since she joined our group, she has been happy with us.

We haven’t gone outside ever since the Corona virus spread all over the world.

Exercise

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb(use of since).
  1. I ………… intelligent since I learnt computer.
  2. She hasn’t ………. (meet) since she ……….. (came) from London.
  3.  I ………….not (take) extortion from the market since 2019.
  4. Since ………… (learn) dance, he ………. busy in his rehearsal.
  5. I haven’t ………. (go) to Panipat since 2014.
  6. He ……. (run) away from prison, he ……….. (come) to meet his family since.
  7. She went for a morning walk, she ………… (come) home yet Since.
  8. It  ………..two years since I didn’t watch any Hollywood movie.
  9. Since ………. (move) from my village, I ……… (talk) to my family yet.
  10. I have …….. (have) this house since my college days.
  11. I ………. (know) my neighbour since 2009.
  12. Since he ……… (go) to Otty, he has been locked down in the city.
  13. It had ……… five years, I didn’t  ………(notice) his sad face.
  14. Ever since she joined this company, she …….. not stayed home.
  15. My father ………. not been to his old company ever since he was terminated from his job.

 

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Tenses

Use of Gone vs been in present perfect tense

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Use of Gone vs been in present perfect tense

We use “Gone and Been” in Present Perfect Tense. 

  • Been means a complete visit of the place where you went and returned.
  • But gone means you have visited a place and you have not come yet it means you have gone.

Examples: Use of Gone vs been in present perfect tense

  • He has never been to Italy.
  • She has gone to the hospital.
  • They have gone to hostels.
  • Has your brother gone to Mumbai?
  • Have you ever been to London?
  • I have never been to London.
  • I have gone there several times.

 

Exercise I: (Use of Gone vs been in present perfect tense)

See the sentence carefully and use proper action between been and gone to complete the sentence:

  1. Have you ever ………. to Hong kong?
  2. I have never ……….. to hong kong.
  3. I have ……..     to hong kong.
  4. I have ……… to hong kong several times.
  5. She has   ……….. to market.
  6. Has he ……… to school?
  7. He has  ………. to school.
  8. They have ……… for a morning walk.
  9. Have you not ……….. to temple?
  10. I have not  ……….. to temple.

 Exercise II

Write suitable actions and fill in the blanks:

  1. Have you ever ……….. this game?     (play)
  2. Has he ever ………. This movie?      (see)
  3. He has never ……… to Jaipur.    (bee/go)
  4. They have never ………….. to Akshar Dhaam temple. (been/gone)
  5. I haven’t  ………. The truth.   (speak)
  6. She has ……….. me several times.  (tell)
  7. They have never ……….. to Jagannathpuri.  (been/gone/visited)
  8. I haven’t ………….. the station on time.  (reach/be)
  9. When  ………. You ……… this movie? I have seen this movie in January.   (did-see, have-seen)
  10. I have …………. to Chittaurgarh once a time.  (be/go)

 

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Tenses

Present perfect tense i – I have done

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We use ‘Present perfect tense i – I have done ‘ When we talk about the action just finished at the time of speaking which was started in past and continued in the present time.

Sub + has/have + action III + Obj.
You/we/they/I/plural noun + have action III + obj.
He/she/it/name/ singular noun + has + action III + obj. + etc.

Examples: Present perfect tense i – I have done

  • An Indian spinster has broken the record in marathon.
  • He has read the Geeta.
  • I’ve found my old books under the table.
  • Sadhguru has represented his country on Yoga day.
  • My schoolmate has discovered a new technology for Smartphone.
  • I have recognized his face just now
  • I have been to Bengaluru four times.

Some time expressing adverbs and conjunctions are followed by Present perfect tense i – I have done:

Ever, just, recently, already, so far, yet, before, after, by the time, by + time, till, lately, since, for, during the last week/month, several times, often never, up to now, just now, up to now
  • He has already taken food.
  • We have recently started to read a newspaper.
  • I have told you several times regarding it.
  • She has reached here before the rain starts.
  • She has completed her project by the time.
  • I have recently read this novel.
  • He has just taken tea.
  • She has been to cinema thrice this week.
  • She knows me for two days (×)
  • She has known me for two days (√).
  • He has owned house since 2005.
  • She has had this car since college days.

Negative sentences (Present perfect tense i – I have done):

Sub + has not (hasn’t)/ have not (haven’t) + action III form + obj. etc.
  • She has not come home yet.
  • I have never been to London.
  • I haven’t waited her for a long time.
  • You haven’t got ready up to now.
  • It hasn’t rained a lot this year.
  • We haven’t had the same car for five years.
  • Someone has eaten my porridge.

Note (Present perfect tense i – I have done):

since, for, all, all along, throughout and whole are time expressions. These are also used in perfect and perfect continuous tenses.

If ‘for or since’ is used in the sentence, the sentence cannot be structured in simple present or simple past. Whether it can be used in present perfect or past perfect tense according to mentioned time or based on event.

Interrogative sentences (Present perfect tense i – I have done):

Has/have + sub + action III form + obj?
  • Have you ever played snookers?
  • Have you ever been to Dubai?
  • Has he got his salary?
  • Has she prepared breakfast for guests?

Note: Gone to Dubai is not right sentence here  therefore ‘been’ must be used here, because ‘gone’ means he is already there but been means he was there, but he has come back from the same place that we are talking about.

Interrogative negative sentences:

Hasn’t/haven’t + sub + action III form + obj?

   OR Has/have + sub + not + action III form + obj?

Examples:

  • Haven’t you motivated this man?
  • hasn’t she found her purse?
  • Hasn’t Rahul tried to commit suicide?
  • Haven’t they gone for a picnic?
  • Haven’t you enjoyed the picnic?

OR

  • Have you not bought a new car?
  • Has he not talked to you on phone?
  • Have they not cried for getting it?
  • Has she not learnt the Harmonium?

Exercise (Present perfect tense i – I have done)

Choose suitable verbs:

  1. Have you ever ……. to Pune?    (gone/ been /go)
  2. why …….. you beaten him?    (Had /  have  /   has)
  3. She has …… her children very hard.        (Hitted /hit / hitting  / hits)
  4. She ………. Home yet.           ( Hasn’t come has come /  have come / haven’t come)
  5. His parents …….. seen him for two years.      (Hasn’t /haven’t   / has  /  will)
  6. She ………. his project lately     (Did/ do/ does/  has done)
  7. I ……….. her for five years.       (Know has known  / have known /   knew)
  8. He ………..  home since 2000.          (Had owned/ had / has  /  have)
  9. She ………. Me since childhood.          (Knew /     knows /  / had known / know)
  10. Shally ………. For exam preparation the whole night.         (Studied /study / had studied)

 

 
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