by 
Understanding Question Words in English Grammar
Understanding Question Words in English Grammar
Interrogative pronouns are used for nouns to produce the questions
What
It is an interrogative pronoun that is used to know the name of a person, place, thing, and concept or idea.
‘Helping verb’ is used according to the subject, and Action verb is used according to ‘helping verb.’
Examples:
| What are you doing? | What does he do? | What’s the matter? |
| What is his name? | What does it mean? | What are you doing there? |
| What’s your name? | What do you like for breakfast? | What time does he wake up in the morning? |
Which (Question words):
It is an interrogative pronoun to describe the selection. It is used to know the choice. It is not used in multiple-choice. Selection is limited for ‘which’ but ‘what’ is used for multiple choice.
| Which colour do you like? Red or blue | Which is your favourite car? | Which class do you study in? |
| Which perfume do you use? | Which pen do you like? | Which subject do you like the most? Science or mathematics |
When:
It is used to know the time.
| When do you celebrate your birthday? | When do you celebrate the party? |
| I celebrate my birthday on 18th April. | When does your father scold you? |
| When did he die? | When does your father go to school? |
| When were you sent to jail? | When did you use to learn English? |
Where:
it is used to know the name of the place.
| Where have you been? | Where were you going? |
| Where is your school? | Where are they playing football? |
| Where did you find it? | Where do you go for a morning walk? |
| Where does he study? | Where do you learn English? |
| Where has he gone? | Where are you living? |
Why:
It is an interrogative pronoun. It is used to know the reason.
| Why are you laughing now? | Why were you going there? |
| Why has he left the job? | Why did you tell a lie? |
| Why did you beat him? | Why doesn’t he speak with us? |
| Why does your father scold you? | Why did he make you fool? |
Whose: It is used to show the possession of something
| Whose car is this? | Whose phone has been stolen? |
| Whose money is this? | Whose medicine has not come yet? |
How:
It is used to know the manner
| How does it work? | How do you know? |
| How do you go there? | How did you get the highest marks in the class? |
How far: (to know the distance)
| How far is it situated from here? | How far are we going now? |
Exercise (Question Words) :
Find the errors (Question Words)
- Where are he going?
- Where did you found it?
- When do he celebrate his birthday?
- About What are you taking?
- In which class do you study?
- From where are you?
- What color do you like – red or blue?
- What do it mean?
- How far it is?
- How far are you coming from?
How much vs how many
How much (It is used to express quantity- uncountable nouns) cannot count liquid, grains, etc. We want to measure something that time we use ‘how much)
How much coffee do you add to your milk?
How much juice do you take in the morning?
How much rice do you buy from the market?
How much money do you need to complete this task?
How much food do you need for your home’s sake?
How many:
It is used to denote numbers. It is used to count things, persons, or places.
How many boys are there in the class?
How many days are there in a year?
How many students are there in your school?
How many players have come there?
How many books have you read till now?
How many employees are there in your company?
Exercise (Question Words)
Find the errors (Question Words):
- How many money did you spend?
- How much boys were present in the class?
- How many water did you waste?
- How much people are crazy for BMW cars?
- How much water do he need?
- How many girls helps the poor?
- How many Indians is infected with bird flu?
- How much people died in World war I?
- How many day are in a week?
- How many rice did you buy?
Who (subject) whom (object) whose (possession)
Who: it refers to the sentence’s subject in wh- family that is used to know the person or live beings.
| Present indefinite (who + action+es/s) Past indefinite (who + action II) |
| Incorrect | Correct |
| Who teach you mathematics? | Who teaches you mathematics? (Who-subject, you-objective case) |
| Who did go? | Who went? |
| Who want to go? | Who wants to go? |
| Who does run fast? | Who runs fast? |
| Who did say it? | Who said it? |
Present and past and future perfect tense:
Who+ has/had/will have + done?
| Who has sent you this information? | Who has gone to the hospital? |
| Who had done this project before I came here? | Who will have done the project by the end of the month? |
| Who will go there? | Who is your family doctor? |
| Who is your nurse? | Who knows this matter? |
| Who helped you? | Who has done it? |
Passive Voice
Present indefinite and past indefinite
by whom + is/are/am/was/were + action III + object?
| Whom: By whom has she been selected? (present perfect) | By whom was he beaten? |
| By whom is he sent to jail? | By whom is he taught English? |
Who- It is used in the sentence as an object of the verb/preposition.
| Present indefinite tense: whom + helping verb + subject + action) Past indefinite tense: whom + did + subject + action) |
| Whom does he feed food? (He-sub, whom-obj) | Whom do you teach mathematics? |
| Whom did you beat yesterday? (Whom-obj and you-sub) | She wanted to know with whom she would go. (preposition+ whom) |
| Whom do you teach English to? | Whom are you playing with? |
| Whom do you like? | Whom do you want to select for this process? |
Relative pronoun:
Who and whom:
| Antecedent(noun/pronoun-subject) + who + verb + object Antecedent + whom + Subect + verb. |
I know the man who does teach mathematics. (incorrect)
I know the man who teaches mathematics. (correct)
She knew that lady who did help her in the park that day. (Incorrect)
I saw a beautiful lady who was teaching mathematics. (correct)
She has laughed at him, who is standing there. (correct)
That lady helped me whom I had known since 2015.
My friend, whom I liked very much, deceived me.
That boy whom you are talking about is a cheat.
Whose: A thing which belongs to a person
| whose car is this? | Whose bag is yours? |
| Whose is this? | Whose pen is this? |
| Whose wallet was that? | Whose notebook has not been checked yet? |
Exercise (Question Words)
Spot the errors (Question Words)
- Who/whom serves food in your family?
- Whom/who do you know here?
- Who/whom should I select for this post?
- Who/whom speaks English fluently in your school?
- I know the boy whom do I tease.
- I met a boy who did help me last Sunday.
- I didn’t know them whom I helped.
- Who did go to the park yesterday?
- Who does tell you?
- Who taught you reasoning?
- Whose car are this?
- Who book is this?
- Whom flowers are these?
- Whose novels are that?
- Whose pencils is these?
IDIOMS
Some commonly used Idioms
- A HARD NUT TO CRACK:- something which is very difficult or a problem that is difficult to solve
- AS COOL AS CUCUMBER:- when a person is very calm and cool and does not get affected by stress or trouble easily
- AS WEAK AS KITTEN:- weak, sickly
- A YES MAN:- a man who agrees to everybody to get a favour from them
- APPLE PIE ORDER:- neat and tidy in the arrangement, everything in the correct place
- A FISH OUT OF THE WATER:- not feeling relaxed, being uncomfortable and restless
- A TROUBLE SHARED IS TROUBLE HALVED:- a problem shared is problem halved
- APPLES AND ORANGES:- an unfair comparison or an item which cannot be compared
- A BLACK DAY:- a day on which something terrible has happened
- ALL DAY LONG:- the whole day, throughout the day
- AS FIT AS FIDDLE:- when a person is very healthy and physically fit
- ADJOURN A MEETING:- to end a meeting
- AS DIFFERENT AS CHALK AND CHEESE:- for two things which are completely different from each other
- A WATCHED POT NEVER BOILS:- if you want something to happen, it takes longer
- AS EASY AS PIE:- something which is very easy
- AS HAPPY AS LARK:- to be very happy and cheerful
- ADD INSULT TO INJURY:- worsen the bad situation
- BLIND AS A BAT:- unconscious to something
- BEAT THE HEAT:- finding a way to stay cool when it is a scorching heat outside
- BUCKET LIST:- a list of achievements or experiences someone wants to have during their:- for two things which are completely different from each other
- A WATCHED POT NEVER BOILS:- if you want something to happen, it takes longer
- AS EASY AS PIE:- something which is very easy
- BLIND AS A BAT:- unconscious to something
- BE IN DUTCH:- when a person is in trouble
- BEAT THE HEAT:- finding a way to stay cool when it is a scorching heat outside
- BUCKET LIST:- a list of achievements or experiences someone wants to have during their lifetime
- BREAK ONE’S NECK:- trying very hard to achieve something
- BITTER PILL TO SWALLOW:- an unpleasant fact that needs to be accepted
- BAT AN EYELASH:- showing an emotion
- BACK ON ONE’S FEET:- recovering from an illness( either mentally or physically)
- BUY A LEMON:- buy a defective item
- BALLPARK FIGURE:- An Approximate amount or an estimated amount of something.
- BREAK THE NEWS:- revealing something very important and especially after a long time of keeping it as a secret.
- BY HOOK OR BY CROOK:- doing something by any means, no matter what circumstances are
- BALL IS IN YOUR COURT:- it is up to you
- BEAT AROUND THE BUSH:- when someone does not come to the main point or issue and keeps talking about irrelevant things which are not related to the topic.
- BLOOD RUNS COLD:- when someone is very scared.
- BURY THE HATCHET:- settle down an unresolved matter or making peace
- BEGIN TO SEE THE LIGHT:- begin to understand something
- BRAIN BOX: it is used to describe a person who is very intelligent
- CHILD’S PLAY:- something which is very easy.
- CLEAR THE AIR:- remove misunderstanding or calm anger
- CALL THE SHOTS:- giving orders
- CAT GOT YOUR TONGUE:- it refers to the time when a person does not have anything to say
- COLD-HEARTED:- it is used to describe the person who is not generous or a person who is very cruel
- CHILL TO THE BONE:- to frighten somebody or to make someone feel very scared
- COCK AND BULL STORY:- the story which is likely to be fake or untrue and used as an explanation or excuse
- CUP OF JOE:- a cup of coffee
- CHILL TO THE MORROW:- to get very scared
- CRY OVER SPILT MILK:- regretting about those things that had already happened in the past.
- COST AN ARM AND A LEG:- something which is costly.
- CHOW DOWN:- eat very fast
- DRIVE CRAZY:- to make someone infuriated or irritated and to disturb someone
- DRAW A LINE:- fix a limit
- DEAD LOSS:- the person or thing that is not useful or helpful
- DROP LIKE FLIES:- when people are falling ill and dying around the same time
- DOCTOR IT UP:- fix or repair something on a temporary basis
- DEAD END JOB:- a job which has no future for you.
- DRIBS AND DRABS:- little by little, small quantities
- DOWN IN THE DUMPS:- unhappy, when someone feels blue
- DRESSED TO KILL:- wearing one of your best attires or outfit
- DROWN ONE’S SORROWS:- to drink a lot of alcohol to cope up with or forget problems
- EAGER BEAVER:- to describe a person who is ambitious and hardworking
- EATS LIKE A HORSE:- a person who eats a lot
- EVERY CLOUD HAS A SILVER LINING:- there is something good in everything that is bad
- EVERY NOW AND THEN:- use to say how often something happens or is done
- ESCAPE NOTICE:- don’t mind
- ELVIS HAS LEFT THE BUILDING:- the show has come to an end, it’s over.
- EVERY TRICK IN THE BOOK:- every possible way
- FIGHT TOOTH AND NAIL:- to fight very ferociously or when a person is so desperate to achieve something
- FAIRWEATHER FRIEND:- a person who supports you in your good days only or a friend of good days.
- FAKE IT TILL YOU MAKE IT:- pretend to be a person you always wanted to become
- FORTY WINKS:- sleep for a while, taking a siesta
- FULL OF BEANS:- to be very excited and enthusiastic
- FEEL LIKE A MILLION BUCKS:- to feel ecstatic and wonderful
- FLOOR SOMEONE:- confuse or surprise someone
- FOR THE TIME BEING:- at the present time
- FAIR AND SQUARE:- to describe an honest person
- FLY OFF THE HANDLE:- to get angry
- FOR THE BIRDS:- terrible, awful
- GET A LIFE:- to stop wasting time in useless or trivial works
- GET OFF ONE’S BACK:- leave someone alone, don’t bother
- GET THE SNOW ON THE ROAD:- to start a project or work
- GIVE A PIECE OF MIND:- to scold
- GET UNDER SOMEONE’S SKIN:- to annoy, bother and upset someone
- GIVE IT ONE’S BEST SHOT:- try very hard
- GOOD SAMARITAN:- it is used to describe the person who tries to help everyone who is in need or trouble
- GIVE SOMEONE A GREEN LIGHT:- permit to go ahead with a project
- GO THROUGH FIRE AND WATER:- to take any risk
- GREEN WITH ENVY:- to be upset or unhappy about something or getting jealous
- GOING TO HELL IN A HAND BASKET:- in an extremely bad state and becoming worse
- HOME IS WHERE THE HEART IS:- a place you feel connected emotionally
- HANDLE WITH KID GLOVES:- b very careful or tactful
- HAND OVER FIST:- rapidly, very fast, quickly
- HARD FEELINGS:- anger, bitterness
- HIGH ROLLER:- a wealthy person or a company that makes risky investments
- HANDS ARE TIED:- to not be able to do anything about the situation
- HARD CHEESE:- bad luck, tough luck
- HASTE MAKES WASTE:- if you do things in a hurry, you can make mistakes
- HAVING A CRUSH:- infatuated with someone
- HIGH AND DRY:- alone, without help, stranded
- IN A FOG:- in a great confusion
- I COULD EAT A HORSE:- to be starved and extremely hungry
- IN THE LOOP:- to be aware of the information
- IN SEVENTH HEAVEN:- to be extremely happy
- IN THE SAME BOAT:- in a similar situation
- IN THE RED:- losing money
- IN A HOT WATER:- when a person is in a critical situation or a trouble
- IN A DOG HOUSE:- in a big trouble
- IN A RUT:- when a person keeps doing the same thing again and again and gets bored of it.
- IDLE HANDS ARE THE DEVIL’S TOOLS:- an idle person is likely to do something evil
- JOT OR TITTLE:- a very small amount
- JUMP THE GUN:- to begin something too early without even thinking
- JACK UP:- raise prices
- JACK OF ALL TRADES:- a person who is multitasking or can do multiple tasks.
- THE JITTERS:- anxiety, nervousness
- JAILBIRD:- a hardened animal
- JAUNDICED EYE:- to have prejudice or jealousy
- KICK THE BUCKET:- die
- KEEP ONE’S SHIRT ON:- be patient, wait
- KNOCK IT OFF:- stop
- KILL TWO BIRD WITH ONE STONE:- when a person accomplishes two things at the same time
- KNOCK SOMEONE’S SOCKS OFF:- when a person impresses somebody
- KEEP YOUR NOSE CLEAN:- to avoid trouble by not doing anything wrong
- KEEP AN EYE ON:- to be watching carefully
- KEEP BODY AND SOUL TOGETHER:- manage to stay alive with very little money
- KID AROUND:- fool, play, joke
- KEEP SOMETHING UNDER YOUR HAT:- keep something a secret
- KEEP TABS ON:- watch, check
- KEEP SOMETHING AT BAY:- keep something away
- KNOCKED ME FOR A LOOP:- surprise
- LEARN THE ROPES:- acquire special knowledge of a job
- LEAVE A BAD TASTE IN ONE’S MOUTH:- make a bad impression or make or feel disgusted
- LET THE BYGONES BE BYGONES:- forgetting all the disputes and fights that took place between us or remove all the grudges.
- LIKE TAKING CANDY FROM A BABY:- something which is very easy to do
- LET THE CAT OUT OF THE BAG:- reveal a secret
- LOWER THE BOOM:- punishing someone strictly
- LEARN TO WALK BEFORE YOU RUN:- to take small steps initially
- LEND ME YOUR EAR:- ask for someone’s full attention
- LOVE TO DEATH:- love someone very much
- LET YOUR HEART RULE YOUR HEAD:- taking decisions logically rather than emotionally.
- LEAVE NO STONE UNTURNED:- try your level best to accomplish something
- MIND YOUR OWN BEESWAX:- not interfering into someone else matter
- MILES TO GO BEFORE I SLEEP:- you have a lot of things to do before you can take rest
- MEMORY LIKE A SIEVE:- when you can’t memorize anything and when your memory power is too weak
- MISS THE BOAT:- lose an opportunity
- MAKE A HIT:- be successful
- MAKE A DENT IN:- make progress
- MAKE A BUNDLE:- earning and making a lot of money
- MISS A TRICK:- take advantage of every situation
- MONKEY BUSINESS:- silly acts
- MAKE ENDS MEET:- balance one’s budget, meet one’s payments
- NO DICE:- no, certainly not
- NITWIT:- a person who messes up everything, idiot
- NEXT OF KIN:- close relatives
- NO SPARK OF DECENCY:- no manners
- NOT THE SHARPEST TOOL IN THE SHED:- someone who is not very clear according to others
- NEW KID ON THE BLOCK:- a new arrival in a place, group or organization
- NOOK AND CORNER:- every part of the place
- NO BED OR ROSES:- to be in a very uncomfortable situation
- NOBODY’S FOOL:- smart and competent person
- NO SPRING CHICKEN:- when a person is no longer a young
- NOT SO HOT:- not very good
- NUTS ABOUT:- in love with, enthusiastic about
- OVER THE MOON:- to be ecstatic and extremely happy
- ON A CLOUD NINE:- to be very happy and thrilled
- ON THE BALL:- when a person understands the situation very well
- ONCE IN A BLUE MOON:- when something is done not very often(rarely)
- ON THE TIP OF MY TONGUE:- when you know something like a name or word but cannot say because you don’t remember it at a particular moment
- OPEN THE CAN OF WORMS:- creating a situation of trouble for self and others as well.
- OUT OF THE BLUE:- unexpectedly, by surprise, from nowhere
- OFF THE RECORD:- something that should be kept private and not known publicly
- OUT OF THE WOODS:- when everything is clear and not in danger anymore.
- ON EASY STREET:- when a person is living a simple, pleasant and secure life.
- OFF COLOR:- dirty, unpleasant, rude
- OUT OF ACTION:- when something is not functioning and cannot be used
- PAT ON THE BACK:- when someone is commended for doing a job very well or giving an appreciation to someone
- PASS THE BUCK:- passing the responsibilities to others
- PAY THROUGH THE NOSE:- when a person has to pay too much to buy something.
- PIECE OF CAKE:- when something is very easy to do
- PICK UP THE TAB:- paying the bills and check
- PAIN IN THE NECK:- it is used to describe the person who is annoying
- PAINT THE TOWN RED:- to have a lot of fun or to celebrate
- PIG IN A POKE:- when a person buys something without examining it properly.
- PLAY BY EAR:- make your decisions in different situations accordingly
- PUT IN ONE’S TWO CENTS:- give one’s opinion
- RUN AROUND IN CIRCLES:- seem to be confused or doing a lot but accomplish little
- RUN RAGGED:- when a person is wrecked or exhausted
- RAKE IT IN:- making a lot of money
- RAGS TO RICHES:- when a poor person becomes very wealthy
- RAINING CATS AND DOGS:- when it rains heavily
- ROUND THE CLOCK:- when a person does something continuously for a long time without taking a break
- RUNDOWN:- when something is in a very bad condition
- SELL LIKE HOTCAKES:- when something is sold quickly or fast
- SLIP OF THE TONGUE:- a mistake in speech or writing
- SCATTER AROUND:- put things in different places carelessly
- SPIC AND SPAN:- very neat and clean
- STEAL SOMEONE’S THUNDER:- when a person takes credit for something that others did
- SIT ON THE FENCE:- when a person does not want to make decisions or choice
- STRIKE THE IRON WHEN IT IS HOT:- to grab an opportunity at the right time or to take advantage of that opportunity
- SWEAT BULLETS:- to be very nervous
- SKATING ON THIN ICE:- to do something very dangerous
- SILENCE IS GOLDEN:- it is better to not say anything at all
- SOFTEN THE BLOW:- to make a bad situation less serious
- SPILL THE BEANS:- to reveal the secret
- SPITTING IMAGE:- looks exactly as someone else
- SADDER
- THROW UNDER THE BUS:- to deceive or betray someone for self benefits
- TAKE A CRACK AT:- try or attempt something
- THROW IN THE TOWEL:- to surrender, to give up
- TIGHT SQUEEZE:- when someone does not have money or going through a financial crisis
- THE LION’S DEN:- a place where a person feels uncomfortable
- TO BELL THE CAT:- to take risks
- TEARJERKER:- story that makes you cry
- TAKE A BULL BY THE HORNS:- to take a strong action or an action which needs to be taken immediately
- TAKE SOMETHING TO HEART:- not to take something seriously
- TICKLED PINK:- to be extremely happy or ecstatic
- TO HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD:- to say the exact right thing.
- TO BREAK THE ICE:- to begin the conversation
- TO COIN MONEY:- make money rapidly
- TASTE OF YOUR OWN MEDICINE:- taking revenge from someone who mistreated you.
- UNDER THE WEATHER:- feeling sick or not well
- UNDER THE GUN:- under the pressure
- UNDER THE TABLE:- illegal money transaction, such as paying a bribe
- UNDER THE THUMB OF:- under the control of
- UPSET THE APPLECART:- to ruin or spoil a plan or idea
- USE ONE’S NOODLE:- think
- UP TO SOMEONE:- someone’s choice
- UP FOR GRABS:- when a person is available for everyone
- VIM AND VIGOR:- full of energy and enthusiasm
- VIPER IN BOSOM:- when a person betrays you after getting help from you.
- VANISH INTO THE AIR:- to disappear suddenly
- X- RATED:- something which is not suitable for children
- WEAR THE PANTS:- be the head of the family who makes all the decisions.
- WET BLANKET:- a party pooper or a person who spoils the atmosphere by discouraging everyone from having fun
- WHITE AS A GHOST:- to get shocked or surprised due to fear, illness
- WHEN THE CHIPS ARE DOWN:- at the worst times or difficult times
- WET BEHIND THE EARS:- the person who does not have an experience
- WITH FLYING COLOURS:- with great or total success
- WITH A FINE TOOTHED COMB:- very carefully
- WHERE THERE IS A WILL THERE IS A WAY:- will power can beat any kind of difficulties
- WEAR HEART ON SLEEVE:- displaying emotions openly
- WHOLE NINE YARDS:- everything that is possible, all of something
- YOUR CALL:- to leave a decision on somebody else
- YOUR GUESS IS AS GOOD AS MINE:- when a person does not know the answer
- YOU ARE IN A DEEP WATER:- when a person is in a very difficult situation or in trouble
- ZIP IT:- to ask someone to shut up
- ZIP YOUR LIP:- to stop talking
- ZONK OUT:- to fall asleep promptly
Pronouns: A Comprehensive Guide to Using Them Effectively
Pronouns are words used in place of nouns that are mentioned earlier in a sentence to avoid repetition of the latter.
Kinds of pronoun
- Personal pronouns are used in place of nouns to denote persons.
‘He, she, it, they, you, I, we.’
| Subjects | Objects | Possessive adjectives | Possessive pronouns |
| I (I person)
We |
Me
Us |
My
Our |
Mine
Ours |
| You (II person) | You | Your | Yours |
| He (III person)
She It They |
Him
Her It Them |
His
Her Its Their |
His
Hers(masculine possessive pronoun) − Theirs |
(a.)Subject pronouns
Pankaj is studying now. He is very talented.
(b.) Object pronouns (indirect objects)
Atul presented me with a beautiful gift.
She provided me with some cash.
(c.) Possessive adjectives + noun
Sheetal is my friend.
(d.) Possessive pronouns
Possessive pronouns possessive adjectives
Mine = my + noun
Ours = our + noun
Yours = your + noun
His = his +noun
Hers = her + noun
Theirs = their + noun
Have you seen the jacket? That’s mine. = That is my jacket
This car is yours. = This is your car.
Hers is not green.
These refer back to the subjects of the sentence or clause for emphasis.
| Personal pronouns | Reflexive pronouns |
| I | Myself |
| We | Ourselves |
| You | Yourself |
| He | Himself |
| She | Herself |
| It | Itself |
| They | Themselves |
Some following verbs are used reflexively.
Absent, acquit, adapt, adjust, address, amuse, apply, assert, avail, avenge, busy, cheat, enjoy, exert, hurt, introduce, present, pride, reconcile, resign
- He hurt himself.
- She resigned herself from the post.
- My son introduced himself at the party.
- I enjoyed myself in the cinema hall.
- He enjoyed the film. (reflexive pronoun is used without object)
Some following verbs are used without reflexive pronouns
Bathe, conceal, hide, keep, move, qualify, qualify, rest, spread, stay, stop
- He has qualified himself for SSC CGL. (remove himself)
- She hid the money under the carpets. (correct)
- You kept yourself in the kitchen. (remove yourself)
- I stopped myself from going to the pub. (remove myself)
Reflexive pronouns are not used as a subject and object in the sentence
- Herself is going to Dubai. (use ‘she’ in the place of ‘herself’)
- She has transferred money for himself. (change ‘himself into him)
- An emphatic or intensive pronoun
what is emphatic pronoun?
It emphasizes the work which is done by the subject.
I myself solve the riddles.
She herself cooks.
- Demonstrative pronouns are used for nouns to indicate the objects.
- This, that, these, those, neither, none, such, etc.
- This is my rocking chair.
- That was my dog which I sold last year.
- These are my favorite dresses.
- Those were not good glasses.
- Neither is allowed to go from here.
But if this/that/these/those/neither/none/such + noun is used, we call it demonstrative adjectives.
- This palace That money
- Such a beautiful girl Neither girl
- Indefinite pronouns don’t indicate any specific noun.
It’s vague that is not definite.
Singular
Everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, Nothing, something, anything, either, neither, one, each, another, all + singular verb
- Everyone wants to live luxury life.
- Somebody ate my lunch.
- No one is studying in the class.
- One should do one’s duty.
- Neither of them is going to coaching classes.
- Something has been stolen.
- Nothing is chargeable.
- All was destroyed by fire.
- Each has the right to live.
Plural
Much, several, others, both, few, fewer, many, some + plural verb
- Several returned home.
- Others are playing football.
- Both are good in English.
- Few students were present.
- Many are absent today.
- Some are playing on the ground now.
Note: something, someone/somebody + and Nothing, nobody/no one –
Somebody didn’t come. (x)
Nobody came. (√)
Nobody hasn’t done it. (x)
Nobody has done it. (√)
Any/anybody/ anyone is used in interrogative form
Does anybody know it?
Anyone goes there. (x) Someone goes there. (x)
Is anyone going there? (√)
An apostrophe is used with an indefinite pronoun to indicate a possessive case
- Is anybody’s relative live in Shimla?
- Somebody’s house has been looted.
Else is used with an indefinite pronoun to indicate other people or things
- We have taken dinner. Ask somebody else.
Ii. Does anybody else need water?
- I think this is somebody else’s wallet.
- Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions.
‘Who, whom, whose are used for person and animal,
‘Which’ is used to indicate choice in persons or things,
‘What’ is used to inquire about the identity, object, event, or idea.
Who –subject, whom- object, whose- possession
- What is he learning nowadays?
- Whose pen is this?
- What are you talking about?
- Who taught you English?
- Whom did he beat?
- Whose pen is this?
- Who is the intelligent of the two students? (change ‘who’ into ‘which’ used for selection)
- A relative pronoun functions as a relative clause connecting the main (principal clause) and the dependent clause (subordinate clause).
| Subjects | Object | Possession | uncertainty |
| Who | Whom | Whose | Whoever/whomever/ whosever ( use for person) |
| Which | Which | Whose | Whichever (use for things) |
| That | That | – | – (use for person and things) |
Antecedent (noun/pronoun) + Who + verb
Antecedent (noun/pronoun) + Whom + subject + verb
- The boy who met me in the park was playing cricket in the stadium.
- My home, which was established in 1990, has been destroyed.
- He’s an arrogant person, whoever his relatives could be.
- He is the boy whom I met last Saturday.
- It is she who plays football.
- It is they who have stolen your luggage.
‘What’ is used without an antecedent that refers to things only
- I don’t know which he said to her. ( use ‘what’)
- She doesn’t believe in what he told her.
‘That’ is used as a relative pronoun; when anybody, somebody, nobody, the same, the only, all, none, much, animal + person, or superlative degree is given in the sentence
- All that glitters is not gold.
- He is the only person that can help me.
- Nobody knows that he doesn’t want money in life.
- He bought much sugar that I had to lift on my back.
- This is the same pen that I bought it.
- The Parker pen that was bought was lost yesterday.
- Distributive pronoun definition :-Distributive pronouns are used to indicate one person or thing from a group. It is used with singular verbs.
example of distributive pronoun:-Each, every, either, neither, none
- Each, every, either, neither + singular noun
- Each boy was present.
- Neither girl took admission.
- Either boy stole it.
- Each of, every of, neither of, either of, none of + the + plural noun + singular verb and his/her
- Each of the class teachers had his attendance register.
- Either of the wardens has lost his
- Neither of the games is to be charged here.
- Neither either are used to indicate two things or persons
- Either of the two girls was present there.
- Neither of the legs was hurt.
- None, any used to denote more than two things or persons.
- None of the five students found their bags there.
- Any of the four girls was looking at him.
- ‘each’ is used for two or more persons and things
- Each of the two boys was intelligent.
- Each of the five members was corrupt.
- Everyone + more than two persons or things
- Everyone of the two girls was a liar. (x)
- Everyone of the four bankers was honest with me.
- As you know, none + more than two persons or things and neither + two persons or things
- None of the computers is working. (more than two computers)
- Neither computer is working. (two computers)
- None of our legs was able to move. (x)
- Neither of our legs was able to move. (√)
- Neither of the students was passed. (x)
- None of the students was passed. (√)
- Reciprocal pronouns express mutual relations between two or more persons doing the same activity.
Each other, one another, etc.
- Rahul and Sneha like each other.
- Good teachers don’t argue with one another.
Some important Rules of pronouns
- Indirect objects follow prepositions and verbs
- Let me know.
- This secret should be kept between you and me.
- I have told the truth to Rani and him.
- Everyone knows about her except me.
- If a pronoun is used after ‘It’ and the form of ‘be’; it comes in a nominative case
- It is they who have spoken the truth.
- It is us who went there. (use ‘we’ in the place of ‘us’)
- When various pronouns are used in a sentence
- mentioned good deeds: we should follow 231 order
You, he and I are going to join the library soon. (231)
You and he collected funds for an NGO.
He and I should help her. (31)
- mentioned bad deeds: we should follow 123 order
I, you, and she used to steal pens in school days. (123)
You and I will take a bribe from him. (12)
You and he have beaten his brother. (23)
- when various plural pronouns are used in the sentence; we follow 123 order
We, you, and they reached school on time.
- Use of Possessive case (possessive adjectives/possessive pronouns) and subject-verb agreement
- Possessive case and verb are followed by near subject; when two subjects are connected with
Either-or, neither-nor, none-but, not only-but also
Either the captain or team players are not taking their match seriously.
Neither teachers nor the principal is trying to face his students’ problems.
- The first subject follows possessive case and verb; when two subjects are connected with
Like, unlike, rather than, no less than, more than one, Nothing, but, but, except, besides, but, in addition to, with, as well as, along with, together with
Rahul, as well as his relatives, have returned to their country. (change ‘have’ into ‘ has’ and ‘their’ into ‘his’)
Your friends, along with his relatives, are running their business in the U.K. (correct)
Rohit, with his friends, has reached Mumbai. (change ‘have’ into ‘has’)
- A possessive adjective is used before a gerund
I believe in her winning.
He wasn’t confident of his getting good marks in the examination.
- Apostrophe’s is not used with possessive pronouns
Your’s faithfully (x) yours faithfully (√)
- Singular possessive pronouns (it/its/itself) is used with a collective noun when it shows the whole group together in meaning.
- The jury gave their verdict. (change ‘their’ into ‘its’)
- The Fleet reached its destination.
- Children were weeping itself.
- When a collective noun is used as a subject and a group is separate in their decision, we use plural possessive adjectives and pronouns ‘they, them, their, themselves
The jury didn’t give their verdict.
- The possessive case is not used with some nouns, such as
Excuse, favour, leave, mention, pardon, report, separation, sight
- She begged your favour. (favour of/favour from you) .
- I forgot to mention her.
- Her separation made me rich. (separation from her)
Difference Between Reflexive Pronoun and Emphatic Pronoun
There are several ways to get to know the difference between reflexive pronoun and emphatic pronoun, and provides examples to help you understand their usage.
Reflexive and emphatic are two types of pronouns that makes people often confuse. When these seem similar, they indicate different purposes and have different kinds functions in a sentence.
What is the Difference Between Reflexive Pronoun and Emphatic Pronoun?
Reflexive pronouns and emphatic pronouns indicate the subject of the sentence. However, these pronouns have different kinds of purposes . Here you’ll find the main difference between reflexive pronoun and emphatic pronoun:
- Usage:
We use Reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object of the sentence functions the same. They indicate that the action is performed by the subject on itself. For example:
- She cut herself while chopping vegetables.
- They blamed themselves for the mistake.
Emphatic pronouns are used to emphasize the subject of the sentence. These pronouns are not necessary for the meaning of the sentence, but these are used to add emphasis or intensity to the statement. For example:
- I myself witnessed the incident.
- You yourself told me to do it.
- Formation:
Reflexive pronouns are formed by adding -self or -selves to the end of a personal pronoun. The reflexive pronouns are given below:
- Myself
- Yourself
- Himself
- Herself
- Itself
- Ourselves
- Yourselves
- Themselves
Emphatic pronouns are formed by adding -self or -selves to the end of a personal pronoun, just like reflexive pronouns. However, they are preceded by the subject and an appropriate verb. For example:
- I myself saw the accident.
- You yourself said it was easy.
- He himself admitted the mistake.
- Placement:
Reflexive pronouns are generally placed after the verb or after the object of the sentence. For example:
- She cut herself.
- They blamed themselves for the mistake.
Emphatic pronouns are placed after the subject and before the verb or after the verb. For example:
- I myself witnessed the incident.
- You told me to do it yourself.
Examples:
Have a look to better understand the difference between reflexive and emphatic pronouns
Reflexive Pronoun Examples:
- John cut himself while shaving.
- Sarah reminded herself to buy milk.
- We enjoyed ourselves at the party.
- The cat groomed itself for hours.
Emphatic Pronoun Examples:
- I myself completed the project on time.
- You yourself said it was a bad idea.
- He himself admitted that he was wrong.
- She herself made the decision to resign.
FAQs:
- Can reflexive pronouns be used for emphasis?
Yes, reflexive pronouns can be used for emphasis in some cases. For example, “I myself cut the cake” emphasizes that the speaker was the one who performed the action.
- What is the difference between an emphatic pronoun and an intensive pronoun?
Emphatic pronouns and intensive pronouns are the same thing.
Preparing For The IELTS Test: Tips and Tricks
Are you planning to take the IELTS test soon? If you really want to take test for IELTS, you will get puzzled in the study material and what is to be studied. However, don’t worry; we are here to provide you with guidance and tactics to make your IELTS preparation easier and more efficient. Understanding the IELTS test.
Ilets stands for International English Language Testing System has a standardized test that measures the English language excellence of non-native speakers. It examines four language-related skills: speaking, reading, and listening. The test was developed specifically to evaluate test-takers’ proficiency in academics and everyday English communications.
The IELTS test has two formats – Academic and General Training. For those who seek to continue their higher studies in an English-speaking nation, the Academic format is provided. For those who want to relocate to an English-speaking country for work or training, the General Training format is provided.
IELTS Exam Format
The IELTS test consists of four sections, each assessing a specific language skill:
• Listening (30 minutes)
• Reading (60 minutes)
• Writing (60 minutes)
• Speaking (11-14 minutes)
IELTS Scoring
IELTS scores range from 0 to 9; each section receives a separate score. Your overall score is an average of the scores of all four sections.
IELTS Test Dates and Locations
The IELTS exam is conducted on fixed dates throughout the year in various locations worldwide. The available test dates and locations are available on the official IELTS website.
IELTS Online Test Preparation Resources
Now that you understand the IELTS exam, it’s time to explore some useful online resources and tools to help you prepare for the test.
Official IELTS Website
The official IELTS website is the most comprehensive source of information on the IELTS exam. It provides detailed information on the exam’s structure, format, scoring, test dates, and locations. You can also find sample test questions and practice materials to help you prepare for the test.
IELTS Online Preparation Courses
Various online platforms offer IELTS preparation courses, which can help you improve your language skills and boost your confidence for the test. These courses typically include video lectures, practice exercises, and mock tests to simulate the actual exam experience.
Free IELTS Practice Tests
The saying “practice makes perfect” is correct, and taking practice tests will help you adapt to the format of the exam while assessing how ready you need to be for it.
Many online resources offer free IELTS practice tests, such as the British Council website and IELTS.org.
IELTS Preparation Books
There are many IELTS preparation books available online or at your local bookstore. These books typically include sample test questions, practice exercises, and tips for acing the test.
Tips for Acing the IELTS Test
Preparing for the IELTS exam can be overwhelming, but these tips can help you stay on track and achieve your desired score:
Set a Study Schedule
You just need to Create a study schedule that works for you and stick to it. Dedicate a certain amount of time each day or week to studying for the test.
Practice Regularly
Consistent practice is essential for improving your language skills and boosting your confidence for the test. Set aside time daily to practice listening, reading, writing, and speaking exercises.
Take Mock Tests
Mock tests can help you simulate the exam experience and identify improvement areas. Set aside time to take practice tests and assess.
Conclusion
Preparing for the IELTS test requires time, effort, and dedication. However, with the help of tips and tricks, you can make your preparation easier and more effective. Remember to practice regularly, focus on your weaknesses, improve your vocabulary and reading skills, listen to English, write regularly, speak English, manage your time effectively, and stay confident. Good luck with your IELTS test!
FAQ
Is it easy to get 7.5 in IELTS?
Yes, it is to get 7.5 bands in IELTS. You just need to focus on your weaknesses Once you get to know your weaknesses and focus on improving them. For example, if you struggle with listening, practice listening exercises regularly until you feel more confident.
How many times i can give IELTS exam?
You can give IELTS exam many times as you want.
Does IELTS exam expire?
IELTS test report form is valid for two years in the USA, Canada and the UK.
 |
ReplyForward
|
Grammar solution: Learn English Grammar easily
Today’s quick-paced, highly linked environment makes using good language more important than ever. Given that so much if our interaction occurs in the text, we must write clearly. Whether you’re a business owner sending emails to clients, a student writing an essay, or just a person who likes to speak and write obviously, there are some basic grammar rules you should be aware of. This blog post will cover five important grammar solution tips everyone should know.
1. Grammarly.com – AI-Powered Writing Enhancement
Grammarly.com is a website that provides users with a writing enhancement tool powered by artificial intelligence. A free grammar solution inbuilt checker and a premium version with additional functions like plagiarism detection, word suggestions, and other things are all accessible from the website.
Grammarly is a good alternative to think about if you’re wanting to improve your writing. The trial edition remains an excellent starting point even though the paid version has even more tools to aid write-up development.
2. English Grammar solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12
Most of the students face difficulty with grammar. Learners need a basic understanding of grammar. We have offered a few tips to the students that make learning grammar much simpler.
I. Start by learning the basics:
It’s crucial essential you have a firm grasp of the basic concepts before you start learning grammar. The numerous parts of speech and how they are used in sentences should be known to you. You may readily learn more complex ideas once you have a firm understanding of the fundamentals.
II. Observe your mistakes:
When speaking or writing in English, be conscious of your mistakes. This allows you to identify your areas for growth. You may correct those mistakes before someone else point them out.
III. Utilise resources:
You may improve your grammar skills by using the many sources that are available. Utilize these tools and practice as much as you can. Online games, exercises, and tests are available to help in the relaxing and interactive study of grammar.
IV. Seek an expert:
If you’re having difficulties with grammar, seek a teacher or an expert for guidance. They may guide you in the right direction and make the subjects simpler for anyone to comprehend.
3. English Grammar Solution Ultimate – Apps on Google Play
Check out English Grammar Ultimate if you’re seeking for an app to help help with your grammar. You can learn and practice English grammar using this app. There are many different activities and games to keep you interested and aid in your learning. For continued motivation, you can set objectives and track your progress.
4. Automated Grammar Checker
An automated grammar checker is an application of the software that can find and fix grammar, spelling, and punctuation mistakes. The type of software, that could be utilized for checking both digital and printed content, usually comes with word processors or text editors.
Even though automatic grammar checkers may be helpful, it’s important to remember that they are not perfect.
The program may miss some errors or make corrections that change the meaning of your sentence. If you’re unsure whether a correction is correct, it’s always best to consult a dictionary or style guide.
5. grammar solution online
Looking for an online grammar solution? You will find an alternative method that is Grammarly.com .It is one of the most globally used grammar checkers on the market, that has more than 400 million subscribers. And with good reason—It is not only trustworthy but also simple, and effective!
6. English Grammar solution for Competitive Exams
If you want to join the government sector, You need to understand every aspect of English grammar. There are four major fundamental topics of English grammar. These are verb tenses, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. Each has specific rules and usages.
Verb tenses indicate when an action takes place. The present, past, and future are the three basic verb tenses. There are precise guidelines for using each one. The past tense tells about actions that have already taken place in the past, and the other hand the present tense refers to actions that are currently taking place. The future tense is used to mention actions that will take place in future.
Nouns are used to describe particular individuals, places, objects, or concepts. They come in both solitary and plural forms. Nouns and pronouns are described or altered by adjectives. The nouns they modify usually go before them.
- English grammar syllabus for IELTS
The objective of the IELTS English Grammar – It helps to help you improve grammar skills and prepare for the online test itself. There are a few important topics covered in the course. These are given below:
Verb tenses, nouns, Pronouns adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions.
These grammatical structures are helpful in making your speech and writing to the next level.
8. Best English grammar books
There are many great grammar solution books out there that can help you improve your writing skills. There are a few selected grammar books are mentioned below:
The Elements of Style by William Strunk Jr. and E.B. White: this book helps to cover all the types of basics of good writing, including grammar, punctuation, and style.
The Chicago Manual of Style by University of Chicago Press: This is used to guide anyone to improve grammar, punctuation, and style rules for written English.
The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar by Kate Gardiner: This book covers everything from the basic to more advanced topics like verbs, tenses, and pronoun usage.
Grammar Girl’s Quick and Dirty Tips for Better is a book that is Written by Mignon Fogarty: It is a very helpful book that provides concise, easy-to-understand explanations of common grammar mistakes and how to avoid them.
One of the most effective methods is through quizzes. These creative things can help you to identify your strengths and weaknesses in grammar.
10. Websites That Solve Dumb English Grammar Mistakes
We’ve found nine important websites to help you improve your grammar skills and avoid making common mistakes.
Grammarly is a free online grammar website to identify grammatical errors and plagiarism.You can also sign up for a premium account for additional features like plagiarism checking and vocabulary enhancement suggestions.
The Purdue OWL is a comprehensive resource for writing and grammar. In addition to providing helpful advice on style and usage, the OWL also offers free online tutorials on various topics, including sentence structure, punctuation, and avoiding plagiarism.
Daily Writing Tips is a blog devoted to helping writers improve their craft. In addition to offering tips on topics like writing headlines and using strong verbs, the site also features regular posts on common grammar mistakes – perfect for those aspirants who want to learn more about avoiding them.
- Grammar solution for everyone
As you know it’s important to get grammar solution, but it can be confusing and difficult to be perfect in Engish grammar. Fortunately, there’s a grammarsolution.com is a blog to get solution of grammar and English language. Whether you’re a student struggling to pass an English class or a professional looking to polish your writing skills, these tips and resources will help you improve your grammar.
One of the best methods to learn grammar is to practice using it in everyday conversation. BBC Learning English six minutes program Pay attention to how people speak and try to mimic their sentence structure and word choice.
Reading is a skill that helps you to different writing styles. It also gives you a chance to see proper grammar in action. freereadingprogram.com helps in reading smoothly.
Many online resources can help you improve your grammar skills. Websites like ProWritingAid,The Writing Practice offer helpful lessons and exercises that make learning fun and easy. With the help of a little effort, you can be perfect in the English language!
It is our website to learn grammar easily from basic to advanced levels with simplified structures. It will help you not only with writing but also with grammar with quizzes.
Use of Dare in Modals
Dare: it means “to have courage or confidence to do something.”
“Dare is used as a modal verb and an action verb.”
Modal verb or auxiliary verb:
| He dare go to the graveyard alone at midnight. | How dare you touch me? |
| She dare fight with goons. | Dare he raise his voice against ministers? |
| He dare not do so again with you. | How dare she abuse? |
| She daren’t argue in front of us. | How dare they make our food? |
| He dare break drawer. | She daren’t go alone on the road. |
| The kid daren’t go to the washroom at night. | He dared not go to the graveyard at midnight yesterday. |
| Dared he steal money from your wallet? | He dared slap him. |
Use of dare as an action/ordinary verb:
| He dares to argue with you. | She doesn’t dare to drive a car alone. |
| She dared to threaten in public. | Did he dare to take a bribe? |
| He will dare to take blood money. | She may dare to raise her voice against the dowry system. |
| He might dare to take the bribe. | I dare you to fight with me. (For challenge) |
| Did your child dare to go to the crematorium? | I didn’t dare to talk to my principal. |
Some other uses of dare:
Just dare to + action + obj.
Just dare to touch me.
Just dare to abuse me.
- The expression ‘I dare say’ has a different meaning. it means ‘perhaps.’
I dare say you have gone crazy. (=Perhaps, you are gone mad)
I dare say she will accept my proposal. (=Perhaps, she will accept my proposal)
Note: ‘s’ is not used with dare as a modal verb.
Use of Dare in Modals Exercise:
1. He doesn’t…….. speak in front of me. (dare to/dares to/dare)
2. He…….. tell a lie before his teacher. (dare not/ dares not/ doesn’t dare)
3. Did he……..to take a bribe? (dared/dares/dare)
4. Did your child……… go to the crematorium? (dare to/dared to/dare)
5. She may……… raise her voice against the dowry system. (dare/dare to/dared to/dares)
6. She didn’t…….. threaten in public. (dared to/dare to)
7.………. he steal money from your wallet yesterday? (dared/dare/dared to/dare to)
8. He…….. not do so again with you. (dares to/ dare to/dare)
9. How…… she abuse? (dares/dare/dares to/dare to)
10. The kids…….. go to the washroom at night. (daren’t/ daren’t to)
6 Preposition Chart: Parts of Speech in English Grammar
We use prepositions before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show the direction, manner, time, place, location, relationships, methods, source, and purpose, or introduce an object. Prepositions are the part of Speech in English Grammar.
Rules For prepositions
Use of Prepositions of Direction
| To | In | Into | On | onto |
- He came to me on Saturday.
- He jumped into the river.
- He is in the cabin now.
- The ball goes into his hand.
- I threw the notebook on the table.
- His car jumped onto the Jeep.
Prepositions of Time
It is used to refer to one point in time. We use‘in’ with parts of the day (not particular times) and particular months, years, and seasons.
- I go to a temple to pray in the morning at 5.
- The weather gets hotter in June.
- My father was born in 1960.
- I got selected in UPSC in 2019.
We use “at”with the time of day—furthermore, we use “at” with noon, night, and midnight. (Preposition Chart of ‘At’)
| At 7 A.M. | At noon | At night | At midnight |
- He comes from the office at midnight.
- My brother goes to the office at 9:00.
- He does not take lunch at noon.
- He seldom comes with me for an evening walk.
Use “on” with days and dates
- He works on Sundays.
- He goes to the office on foot on Saturdays.
- I organized the party on 18th April.
- My brother does the shopping on weekends
Time-expressing prepositions are used to refer to extended time
| During | From…..to | From…until | With |
| Within | By | Since | for |
- I have been teaching English in Delhi since 2017.
- My brother will be working on this project for two weeks. (He will work till two weeks)
- I will have done my thesis by next year.
- I have been studying at oxford university and doing part-time work during vacations.
- I will teach in this institution from November to October.
- He is doing B.tech from August 2021 until May 2024.
- I will be google certified within three months. (Not longer than three months)
Prepositions of Place
We use the prepositions ‘in’ (to point itself) “at”(the quality or state being near the place), “on” (the surface), and “inside” (the inner side of something or surface that is contained).
- They take lunch in the canteen.
- She will have been waiting for him at the bus stop for an hour.
- He doesn’t put his books on the table.
- Keep this jacket inside the almirah.
We use some prepositions to indicate that an object is higher than a point.
“over” and “above.”
Some prepositions are used to indicate an object lower than a point,
“below,” “beneath,” “under,” and “underneath.”
Have a look at some examples below
- The airplane flies over my house.
- I placed my books above the rack.
- Basements are dug below ground.
- I don’t wear the inner beneath my shirt.
- He stole money and hid it under the bedsheet.
- I wore the inner underneath my jacket.
- His showroom is above my sweetshop.
- His office is over my house.
We use some prepositions to indicate an object that is close to a point, “by,” “near,” “next to,” “between,” “among,” and “opposite.”
- My home is by the gas station.
- My home is near him.
- The Hyundai service center is next to the Bikaner sweets.
- His office is next to me.
- Distribute these devices between you and me.
- He sat between us.
- I beat him among the crowd.
- My English spoken institute is opposite the sweet shop.
Prepositions of Location
Prepositions of location are used to refer to a location, use the prepositions “in”(volume or an area), “at”(for a point), and “on”( surface).
- I live in the USA. (an area)
- I will be studying at the computer lab tomorrow. (a point)
- I saw a spider on the window. (a surface)
Prepositions of positions
To refer to positional prepositions are mentioned
| Inside & outside | Through |
| in front of, behind & Against | Within |
| around | beside and near |
| Off | Out of |
| Across | Along |
| from | Toward & ahead of |
- The Bikaner sweets shop is across the street from the Oxford Institute.
- I don’t have to see the jungle along the way.
- I sat behind the curtain.
- The zip of the bag is off.
- Walk toward the fields and then turn right; you will see his farmhouse.
- Kindly see the checkmark within the suitcase
- He sat beside me there.
- He rode the bike around me.
- He stood against the wall.
- He lied in front of me.
- He has gone from office.
- I hid the wallet under the notebook.
- His shop is opposite my house.
- He put the keys inside the drawer.
- He is outside of his home.
Some Prepositions Are Followed by Nouns Verbs and Adjectives
Verb + Preposition
About: worry, complain, read
- Students don’t worry about their careers.
- MY class teacher complained about the classwork.
- He read about the future of cryptocurrency.
At: arrive, smile, look, stare, gaze
- This bus arrives at the bus stop 5 minutes early.
- She smiles at me.
- He doesn’t look at the whiteboard when the professor delivers his lecture.
- Why does he stare at me?
From: differ, suffer
- My theses differ from yours.
- She suffers from amnesia.
For: account, allow, search, look
- This software allows for a new update.
- One of my friends is searching for a new shop at the corner.
- One of my friends is looking for a job in a multinational company.
In: occur, result, succeed
- This incident occurred in three places.
- My ideas resulted in finding new ways to crack the exams.
- She succeeded in hiring new aspirants.
Of: approve, consist, smell
- Judiciary approved of a new bill.
- This product consists of three vital ingredients.
- My room smells of mildew.
On: concentrate, depend, insist
- My brother concentrates on his writing skills.
- I do not depend on him.
- Do you insist on him playing games?
To:belong to, contribute to, lead to, refer to
- I belong to Suryavanshi Dynasty
- She hopes to contribute to the fund for charity.
- This road leads to my village.
- The doctor examined the patient and assisted in referring him to AIIMS.
With: (dis)agree, argue, deal
- he (dis)agrees with my proposal.
- She agrees with me.
- She doesn’t argue with me.
- I always deal with difficult circumstances.
Some other Verbs are followed by Prepositions
| Belong to | Fight for | Lead to |
| Rely on | Believe in | Plan on |
| Contribute to | Fight against | Love, like, need, want + to |
| keep from | hope for | reply to |
| rescue from | subscribe to | Come from |
| invest in | stop from | spend on |
| consist of | participate in | thank for |
| benefit of | blame for | Get rid of |
Adjective + Prepositions
| Amazed at | Shocked at | Surprised at |
| Tired of | Worried about | Proud of |
| Based on | Related to | Famous for |
| Opposed to | Satisfied with | Eager for |
| Different from | Necessary for | Excited about |
| accustomed to | acquainted with | afraid of |
| exhausted from | interested in | exposed to |
| nervous about | fed up with | serious about |
| late for | good at | guilty of |
| qualified for | ready for | limited to |
| pleased with | polite to | eligible for |
| notorious for | immune to | innocent of |
| incapable of | inferior to | dissatisfied with |
| sad about | safe from | bad at |
| capable of | content with | fond of |
| devoted to | unaware of | Superior to |
| Kind to | pray for | jealous of |
This jacket is different from mine.
Getting a degree is necessary for our career.
I am worried about it.
He is satisfied with his job.
He is famous for his skills.
I am eager for going there.
He is excited about his new car.
I am proud of my son.
He is opposed to me.
She was amazed at my performance.
This job is based on data analysis.
He was tired of being sorry to her.
This topic is related to equations.
Noun + Prepositions
| the use of | The cost of | The price of | The lack of |
| A solution to | An increase in | Influence on | A supply of |
| Belief in | The cause of | A reason for | A possibility of |
| Evidence of | Danger of | A method of | Difficulty with |
| invitation to | trouble with | Used to | example of |
| advantage of | age, attempt, point at | need, reason, responsibility for | need, reason, the responsibility of |
I found a solution to lose weight.
He has a lack of knowledge.
I have got a problem with the supply of sugar.
The price of iron is increasing day by day.
There is a possibility of approving this project.
fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions with answers
- I have three books which are …….. the table.
- He jumped …….. the river.
- I am not satisfied ………. her performance.
- My friend goes to college ……… car.
- I didn’t want to look ……… him
- She is more intelligent ……… I am.
- One of my friends has been looking for a job ……. Ten days.
- My friend has known me …….. five years.
- Riya Chaudhary had been working in this company …….. 2010.
- He says, “he would rather die …….. beg.
- I prefer coke ……… tea.
- Chandragupta Maurya ruled ………. Magadha.
- She will come ……. Sunday.
- My father goes to the office ……… 9 o’clock.
- I met him ……. last weekend.
Deepawali: Festival of Lights
The festival of lights
The festival, often referred to as ” the Festival of Lights”, is customarily observed annually during the months of October and November.Hindus, Sikhs, and Jains all celebrate the Indian festival and also named as Deepawali. It is a festival of lights and everyone lights the diyas at night. This festival is celebrated annually on November 16 or the new moon after Diwali. The festival recognizes the victory of good over evil, light over dark, and knowledge over ignorance.
On the eve of Deepawali, houses, and temples are decorated with oil lamps and candles. People exchange gifts and wear new clothes. They also perform puja (worship) to Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth.
Deepawali is a five-day festival.
Deepawali is a time for family gatherings, feasts, and celebrations. It is also a time for reflection, as Hindus take stock of their lives and think about how they can improve themselves in the coming year. Children feel happy to celebrate this festival with fire crackers. They always like going to neighbours’s home to distribute sweets.
When is Deepawali celebrated?
Deepawali, also known as the festival of lights, is celebrated on the last day of the Hindu lunar month of Ashvin. This festival generally comes in October or November in the Gregorian calendar. The festival is celebrated for five days, with each day having its own significance.
In five days festival, Deepawali is known as Dhanteras on the first day. On this day, people clean their homes and businesses and decorate them with lights and rangolis (colorful designs). They also worship Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, and buy new gold and silver jewelry.
The second day is called Narak Chaturdashi. I believe that on this day Lord Krishna destroyed the demon king Narakasura. People celebrate by lighting bonfires and bursting firecrackers.
The third day is when Deepawali is actually celebrated. People light diyas (lamps) both inside and outside of their homes to ward off evil spirits. In addition, they share gifts and sweets with family and friends.Most common sweets liked by people is ladoos,barfi,gula jamun etc.
The fourth day is called Govardhan Puja. On this day, people worship Govardhan Hill, which was lifted by Lord Krishna to save the villagers from floods caused by Indra, the god of rain.
What are the rituals observed on Deepawali?
The festival, which is also known as the Festival of Lights, commemorates the triumph of good over evil.The main ritual observed during Deepawali is the lighting of lamps. Lamps are lit in every home and temple to usher in the goddess Lakshmi, who is believed to bring prosperity and good luck. Other rituals include decorating homes with rangoli designs, exchanging gifts and sweets, and bursting firecrackers.
Deepawali is a five-day festival and is celebrated with great pomp and fanfare. It is a time for families to get together and celebrate the triumph of good over evil.
How are Diwali crackers used on this festival of lights?
An essential component of the Deepawali celebrations in India are the Diwali fireworks. They’re applied to brighten the sky and make it cheerful. Early in the morning till late at night, fireworks are fired off.
The noise and light from the fireworks help to drive away evil spirits and bring good luck for the coming year.
How do we celebrate Diwali worldwide?
Diwali, the festival of lights, is celebrated all over the world by Hindus, Sikhs, and Jains. The five-day festival starts on Dhanteras, the day when people buy gold and silver.
The second day is Narak Chaturdashi when Lord Krishna defeated the demon king Naraka.
The third day is Deepawali or Lakshmi Pooja, the day of light when Goddess Lakshmi came out of the ocean of milk during Samudra Manthan.
The fourth day is Govardhan Puja when Lord Krishna lifted the Govardhan hill to save the people of Vrindavan from the rain.
The fifth and final day is Bhai Dooj when sisters pray for their brothers’ long life.
Diwali celebrations around the world include lighting candles and lamps, setting off fireworks, decorating homes with rangoli designs, and eating sweets. Diwali is a public holiday in some countries like Singapore and Malaysia. Hindu temples and community organisations celebrate Diwali in places including Australia, Canada, and the United States. by bringing individuals together to take part in this unique festival!